This is the side view swing arm for the front suspension. Finally a line needs to be drawn from the front instant centre to the centre of the front wheel contact patch (shown by the red line below). Where these two lines intersect is the instant centre (shown by the red circle below). These two lines can be seen in blue on the below diagram. Next another line needs drawing that passes through the front lower wishbone mounting points towards the back of the car. First of all a line must be drawn through the two mounting points of the front upper wishbone towards the back of the car. In order to generate the side view swing arm a few steps must be taken. The double wishbone and A-arm set up is the most common suspension layout on racing cars. The diagrams below show how to measure the side view swing arm for a double wishbone/ A arm set up and for a Macpherson strut set up. The article below will focus on cars with the much more common outboard brakes set up where the brakes are located with the wheels as opposed to be mounting inboard of the axle. In order to measure your anti geometry, the side view swing arm for your front and rear suspension systems must first be established. This opposing force comes in the form of anti-geometry. In order to prevent this rotation from happening or to limit the amount of rotation an opposing force needs to be applied to the centre of gravity. The diagrams below show the direction of rotation about the centre of gravity for braking and accelerating conditions. When braking, due to linear inertia changes, the car will rotate forwards around the centre of gravity, therefore lifting behind the centre of gravity towards the rear and lowering the car in the area in front of the centre of gravity. The centre of gravity is therefore the centre of rotation for any acceleration or braking inputs. All forces acting upon a car act through the centre of gravity. What anti-geometry does achieve is the amount of load going through the springs and the pitch attitude of the car.īefore describing what each in particular anti-geometry is an understanding of how a car moves and rotates under acceleration or braking conditions must be achieved. In reality the wheel loading remains the same regardless of anti-geometry as the total longitudinal load transfer under steady state acceleration or braking is a function of the wheel base, braking or acceleration force and centre of gravity height. A common misconception is that anti-geometry controls or affects wheel loading where more squat on accelerating will give more rear wheel loading. Porsche 911 992 GT3 RS – Under The SkinĪnti-squat, anti-dive and anti-lift geometry which will be referred to as “anti-geometry” when discussing them as a whole is a form of geometry at the front and rear wheels that alters and controls the amount that a car will compress the springs due to acceleration, deceleration or braking conditions.Suspension Secrets Porsche GT Circuit Handling Pack Development.Suspension Secrets M3ATER Build – Part 2.Suspension Secrets M3ATER Build – Part 1.Suspension Secrets BMW F80 M3 Project Car – Part 3.Suspension Secrets BMW F80 M3 Project Car – Part 2.Suspension Secrets BMW F80 M3 Project Car – Part 1.Porsche 930 Flatnose – Improving an Icon.Eliminating the Dreaded Audi RS Understeer – Part 3.Eliminating the Dreaded Audi RS Understeer – Part 2.Dallara World Series Single Seater – Under The Skin. Changing the Game: Suspension Secrets Adjustable Camber Plates Volkswagen & Audi MQB.Budget to Premium Coilovers – Whats The Real Difference?.Porsche Cayman GT4RS Suspension Overview.2022 BMW M4 CSL (G82) Suspension Overview.Calculating Ideal Spring and Roll Bar Rates Part 2.Calculating Ideal Spring and Roll Bar Rates.Tyre Performance and Grip – A Deeper Look.Tyre Failure – Graining, Tearing, Blistering and Wearing.Coilovers – Correct Ride Height Setting.The fundamental categories of suspension geometry are: Ackermann Bump Steer Camber Camber Gain Caster Front View Swing Arm Fundamentals of Grip Instantaneous Centre King Pin Inclination Scrub Radius Toe Tyre Slip Angle There are more aspects to suspension geometry but the most influential are listed above and are the focus of this website. Geometry Suspension geometry is a mixture of theoretical lines designed into a suspension system to make it work in a particular designed way.
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